3.x

RayCast2D

RayCast2D

Raycasting is a common technique in game development. “Casting a ray” means extending a line from a point until it collides with something or reaches its limit.

Node properties

Add a RayCast2D node and take a look at the Inspector:

alt alt

Here are the main properties you’ll need to understand:

  • Enabled

Turn this on to make the raycast work. This property is disabled by default!

  • Exclude Parent

This property causes the ray to ignore collisions with the parent object. Enabled by default.

  • Cast To

This is the destination point of the ray. Note: This is in local coordinates.

Also, take note of the Collide With section. By default the ray will only detect bodies, so you’ll need to go here if you want to detect areas as well or instead.

Useful functions

You can see the full list of the node’s functions in the API Documentation. Here are the some of the most useful ones:

  • is_colliding()

Boolean function, lets you know if the ray is colliding with something.

  • get_collision_point()

If the ray is colliding, this will return the position of the collision (in global coordinates).

  • get_collider()

If the ray is colliding, this function will return a reference to the colliding object.

  • get_collision_normal()

Another useful piece of information, this is the normal of the collided object at the point of collision.

Example uses

There are many uses for raycasts: visibility (can A see B, or is there an obstacle between?), proximity (am I close to a wall/ground/obstacle?), etc. Here are a couple of practical examples in use:

1. Shooting

Fast-moving projectiles often have the problem of “tunneling” through obstacles - they are moving too fast for the collision to be detected in a single frame. As an alternative, you can use a Raycast2D to represent the path (or a laser, etc.).

Here’s a player sprite with a raycast attached to the end of the gun. The cast_to is set to (250, 0).

alt alt

When the player shoots, you check to see if the ray is colliding with something:

func _input(event):
    if event.is_action_pressed("shoot"):
        if $RayCast2D.is_colliding():
            print($RayCast2D.get_collider().name)

2. Edge detection

Consider a platformer enemy that walks on platforms, but you don’t want it to fall off the edges. Add two downward-pointing raycasts to the mob like so:

alt alt

In the mob’s script, check for when the ray stops colliding. That means you’ve found the edge and should turn around:

func _physics_process(delta):
    velocity.y += gravity * delta
    if not $RayRight.is_colliding():
        dir = -1
    if not $RayLeft.is_colliding():
        dir = 1
    velocity.x = dir * speed
    $AnimatedSprite.flip_h = velocity.x > 0
    velocity = move_and_slide(velocity, Vector2.UP)

Here’s what it looks like in action:

alt alt